NUMISMATIC ARTICLES

Here you will find banknote, test note, and advertising note articles I have written for The Numismatist (American Numismatic Association), the IBNS Journal (International Bank Note Society, NENA News (New England Numismatic Association), Paper Money (Society of Paper Money Collectors), and The Souvenir Card Journal (Souvenir Card Collectors Society)
There are divisions for TESTNOTE, BANKNOTE, PRINTER, VIGNETTE, and OTHER ARTICLES

TESTNOTE ARTICLES

Article published in 2023 in The Souvenir Card Journal (SCCS)
2 page story about the quirks involving the test notes made by the European Central Bank.

"ECB Test Notes" CLICK HERE

Article published in 2023 in NENA News (NENA)
5 page story about Samuel Maverick, Peter Maverick, and his son Peter Maverick Jr. and their four engraving firms with test notes.

"Maverick Family Engravers" CLICK HERE

Article published in 2021 in "Paper Money" journal (Society of Paper Money Collectors)
3 page story about Domtar test notes using Luminus which can create a color watermark.

Polymer Luinus with Color Watermarks from Domtar CLICK HERE

Article published in 2020 in Paper Money (Society of Paper Money Collectors)
5 page story about these test notes attributed to Giori press machines and new information offering other possibilities.

"Alternate Look at Giori Test Notes" CLICK HERE

Article published in 2020 in the International Bank Note Society (IBNS) Journal
Received Honorable Mention for best article of the year.
11 page story about the test notes of China Banknote Printing and Minting Corporation and 9 of their wholly-owned subsidiaries, including the new world record price for a single test note.

"Test Notes of CBPM including the World Record Test Note" CLICK HERE

Article published in 2020 in The Souvenir Card Journal (SCCS)
5 page story about general information about test notes and catalog numbering system, types, valuing notes, including reasons for price changes.

"Cataloging & Valuing Test Notes" CLICK HERE

Article published in 2019 in The Souvenir Card Journal (SCCS)
4 page story about two American Bank Note Co test notes of Paul Revere and the souvenir cards with similar vignettes.

"Paul Revere Test Notes & Souvenir Cards" CLICK HERE

Article published in 2018 in the International Bank Note Society (IBNS) Journal
Received Honorable Mention for best article of the year.
9 page story about one of the main uses of Printers' Test Notes - promotional or house notes provided at currency conferences for current and potential customers.

"The Perfect Pair - Test Notes and Currency Conferences" CLICK HERE

Article published in 2015 in the International Bank Note Society (IBNS) Journal
Received 2nd Place for best article of the year.
5 page story about "All you wanted to know about printers' test notes but were afraid to ask". Example: What is the oldest firm to produce a test note? (Establish in 1264, have a look and see!) Other examples: Oldest test note, most expensive test note, and test note produced together by the most firms (6).

"Printers’ Test Notes – A Primer" CLICK HERE

Article published in the International Bank Note Society (IBNS) Journal
3 page story about ATM test notes, including the history of ATM development.

"An Introduction to ATM Test Notes" CLICK HERE

Article published in 2021 in The Souvenir Card Journal (SCCS)
2 page story about a printer's sample and the search for what it was used for and the firm.

"Promotional Paper Provenance" CLICK HERE

Article published in 2021 in The Souvenir Card Journal (SCCS)
3 page story about 2 different test notes from 2 different printing firms with the same portrait of Thomas Edison.

"A Tale of Two Thomas Edison Notes" CLICK HERE

Article published in 2021 in the International Bank Note Society Journal (IBNS)
2 page story about Harrison's penchant of Brunel.

"Harrison & Sons and Isambard Kingdom Brunel" CLICK HERE

BANKNOTE ARTICLES

Article published in 2025 in International Bank Note Society (IBNS) Journal - "Wrong Country! Foreign Motifs on Banknotes of Colombia".
6 page story about George Washington appearing on Colombian banknotes.

"George Washington" CLICK HERE

Article published in 2025 in International Bank Note Society (IBNS) Journal - "Wrong Country! Foreign Motifs on Banknotes of Argentina, Ecuador, and Uruguay".
5 page story about the American Statue of Freedom appearing on Argentinean, Ecuadorian, and Uruguayan banknotes.

"Statue of Freedom" CLICK HERE

Article published in 2025 in International Bank Note Society (IBNS) Journal - "Wrong Country! Foreign Motifs on Banknotes of Canada".
3 page story about of American canal locks appearing on Canadian banknotes.

"American canal locks" CLICK HERE

Article published in 2025 in International Bank Note Society (IBNS) Journal - "Wrong Country! Foreign Motifs on Banknotes of Costa Rica".
6 page story about CIA report of the American and Canadian Horseshoe Falls at Niagara appearing on Costa Rican banknotes.

"Banknotes of Costa Rica with Niagara Falls" CLICK HERE

Article published in 2025 in Society of Paper Money Collectors "Paper Money" journal (SPMC)
2 page story of the Hagia Sophia Church in Turkey depicted on a Greek banknote

"Greece 5,000 Drachma Hagia Sophia Banknote" CLICK HERE

Article published in 2025 in Society of Paper Money Collectors "Paper Money" journal (SPMC)
5 page story about the Great Seal of the United States depicted on a Guatemalan banknote

"The Great Seal of the United States – On a series of Guatemalan banknotes?"CLICK HERE

Article published in 2025 in Society of Paper Money Collectors "Paper Money" journal (SPMC)
1 page story about the Eiffel Tower in France depicted on a Cambodia banknote

"Eiffel Tower on Cambodia Note" CLICK HERE

Article published in 2025 in ANA Numismatist
2 page story about the only banknote depicting the Mona Lisa on a banknote of Costa Rica

The Mona Lisa Banknote Mystery CLICK HERE

Article published in 2025 in Society of Paper Money Collectors "Paper Money" journal (SPMC)
2 page story about the loss of Bolivia's only port depicted on a Bolivian banknote

"Sad Banknote Story of Port of Antofagasta" CLICK HERE

Article published in 2025 in the International Bank Note Society (IBNS) Journal
6 page story about important people on Guinea banknotes not from the country

"Wrong Country! Foreign motifs on banknotes - Guinea" CLICK HERE

Article published in 2025 in The Souvenir Card Journal (SCCS)
2 page story about collecting banknotes autographed by the engraver or designer.

"Autographed Banknotes, a New Hobby " CLICK HERE

Article published in October 2024 in ANA Numismatist - "A Political Statement?"
2 page story about a Philippines Banknote with error making President's name "Thief"

"A Political Statement" CLICK HERE

Article published in 2024 in NENA News (NENA) - "Kuwait Banknote with Two Twists".
2 page story about Kuwait Banknote with two back stories

"Kuwait Banknote with Two Twists" CLICK HERE

Article published in 2024 in "Paper Money" journal (Society of Paper Money Collectors) - "UNESCO World Heritage Sites Depicted on Bank Notes – Armenia".
1 page story about all known banknotes with UNESCO sites for Armenia

"UNESCO World Heritage Sites Depicted on Bank Notes – Armenia" CLICK HERE

Article published in 2024 in "Paper Money" journal (Society of Paper Money Collectors) - "UNESCO World Heritage Sites Depicted on Bank Notes – Argentina".
2 page story about all known banknotes with UNESCO sites for Argentina

"UNESCO World Heritage Sites Depicted on Bank Notes – Argentina" CLICK HERE

Article published in 2024 in "Paper Money" journal (Society of Paper Money Collectors) - "UNESCO World Heritage Sites Depicted on Bank Notes – Antigua".
2 page story about all known banknotes with UNESCO sites for Antigua

"UNESCO World Heritage Sites Depicted on Bank Notes – Antigua" CLICK HERE

Article published in 2023 in "Paper Money" journal (Society of Paper Money Collectors) - "UNESCO World Heritage Sites Depicted on Bank Notes – Angola".
2 page story about all known banknotes with UNESCO sites for Angola

"UNESCO World Heritage Sites Depicted on Bank Notes – Angola" CLICK HERE

Article published in 2023 in "Paper Money" journal (Society of Paper Money Collectors) - "UNESCO World Heritage Sites Depicted on Bank Notes – Algeria".
3 page story about all known banknotes with UNESCO sites for Algeria

"UNESCO World Heritage Sites Depicted on Bank Notes – Algeria" CLICK HERE

Article published in 2023 in "Paper Money" journal (Society of Paper Money Collectors) - "UNESCO World Heritage Sites Depicted on Bank Notes – Albania".
2 page story about all known banknotes with UNESCO sites for Albania

"UNESCO World Heritage Sites Depicted on Bank Notes – Albania" CLICK HERE

Article published in 2023 in "Paper Money" journal (Society of Paper Money Collectors) - "The Monster Banknotes of Reza Shah Pahlavi".
2 page story about Iran banknotes with UNESCO World Heritage Sites depicting monsters.

"The Monster Banknotes of Reza Shah Pahlavi" CLICK HERE

Article published in 2023 in "Paper Money" journal (Society of Paper Money Collectors) - "Collecting UNESCO World Heritage Sites Bank Notes".
2 page story about finding UNESCO sites on world banknotes with Afghanistan as an example.

"Collecting UNESCO World Heritage Sites Bank Notes" CLICK HERE

Article published in 2023 in The Souvenir Card Journal (SCCS) - "Yves Baril and His Christopher Columbus Engravings".
4 page story about the Canadian Bank Note Company premier engraver Yves Baril, including his "hidden" initials on Canadian Banknotes.

"Yves Baril" CLICK HERE

PRINTER ARTICLES

Article published in 2024 in The Souvenir Card Journal (SCCS) - "Federated Bank Note Company ".
9 page story about the Federated Bank Note Company and it's relationship with De La Rue and E. A. Wright Banknote Company.

"Federated Bank Note Company" CLICK HERE

Article published in 2023 in "Reading Room" (ANA) - "From Coen to Giori, then Oblivion".
6 page story about Gualtiero Giori, the most well known name in security printing.

"Gualtiero Giori" CLICK HERE

Article published in 2021 in NENA News (NENA) - "Counterfeiting New England Bank Notes".
5 page story about William Wilson Engraving and Christian Meadows counterfeiting bank notes in the 1800s.

"William Wilson" CLICK HERE

Article published in 2021 in International Bank Note Society (IBNS) Journal - "Giesecke & Devrient Counterfeited Dollars & Pounds".
3 page story about CIA report of Giesecke & Devrient counterfeiting operations after World War II

"Giesecke & Devrient counterfeit" CLICK HERE

VIGNETTE ARTICLES

Article published in the May Numismatist 2022 (ANA) - "The Albert Einstein vignette bank note collection".
7 page story about assembling an Albert Einstein topical collection of world banknotes, art, and test notes.

"Elbert Einstein" CLICK HERE

Article published in 2022 in The Souvenir Card Journal (SCCS) - "Woman with Globe” Vignette".
8 page story about the many uses of the NBNC “La Critique” (Woman with Globe) Vignette Collection, with Vignette Sheets , Souvenir Cards, Stocks and Bonds, Color Charts, Advertising Sheets. amd Bank Notes

"Woman with Globe" Vignette Uses CLICK HERE

Article published in 2021 in "Paper Money" journal (Society of Paper Money Collectors) - "The Reapers Vignette by ABNC Revisited".
14 page story about "The Reapers" vignette produced by ABNC (and others!) on bank notes, stocks, Souvenir Cards, Checks, Promotional Sheets, & Test Notes.

"The Reapers" CLICK HERE

Article published in 2020 in The Souvenir Card Journal (SCCS) - "The BABN “Young Woman” Vignette".
7 page story about the many uses of the British American “Young Woman” vignette, including stock certificate, souvenir card and multiple test notes.

"Young Woman" Vignette Uses CLICK HERE

Article published in 2019 in "Paper Money" journal (Society of Paper Money Collectors) - "The Many Uses of the American Bank Note Company “Progress” Vignette".
10 page story about the 36 known uses of Forninger’s “Progress” vignette, including ABN Archive Series, Souvenir Cards, Stamp, Stock Certificates, Bonds, Test Notes, and banknote.